Color models & codes

Gamma

The curve that maps stored color numbers to actual brightness, so dark tones get more precision.

Also called gamma correction

Gamma is a curve applied to color values so they match how we perceive brightness. Our eyes notice small changes in dark tones more than in light ones, so encoding spends more numbers there.

It is why mixing two colors by averaging their RGB numbers can look darker than expected.

Guides that cover Gamma